opendev/system-config
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Merge "Document dual account split for Gerrit admins"

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Zuul 2020-11-05 17:19:49 +00:00 committed by Gerrit Code Review
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doc/source/sysadmin.rst
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@ -122,6 +122,66 @@ following practices must be observed for SSH access:
then the old one removed.
Gerrit Admins
=============
To provide a reasonable firewall from outside authentication systems,
Gerrit administrators keep two accounts: one for normal code review
activity and one for performing Gerrit administration. Following the same
pattern as our Kerberos administrator account logins, the admin account
corresponding to ``$USER`` would be ``$USER.admin`` (Gerrit doesn't allow
``/`` in usernames) so they can be easily identified when auditing
activity. Unlike the normal code review account, the admin account should
have no OpenID so that it is only accessable by API/CLI methods so they
cannot be compromised at the third-party ID provider.
To create a personal Gerrit admin account from a shell on the server, run
the following command::
sudo -u gerrit2 ssh -i ~gerrit2/review_site/etc/ssh_host_rsa_key \
-p 29418 -l 'Gerrit Code Review' localhost \
"suexec --as openstack-project-creator -- \
gerrit create-account --group Administrators --full-name myname.admin \
--ssh-key 'ssh-rsa AAAA...BCDE myname@computer' myname.admin"
We ``suexec`` as the ``openstack-project-creator`` account because the
magic ``Gerrit Code Review`` pseudoaccount can't set group memberships so
we need to run that command as a user which is already in the
``Administrators`` group. With an account like this, routine actions like
populating new groups with initial members is still quite simple::
ssh -p 29418 myname.admin@review.opendev.org \
"gerrit set-members some-new-group --add somebody@example.org"
Another common example is bypassing Zuul to submit a change for merging
directly to a project. In this case we must first add our account to
another group which has permission to set the relevant labels (it doesn't
get that simply by being an administrator), and then do the
commenting/voting/submitting, followed by cleaning up the extra group
membership again at the end::
ssh -p 29418 myname.admin@review.opendev.org \
"gerrit set-members 'Project Bootstrappers' --add myname.admin"
ssh -p 29418 myname.admin@review.opendev.org \
"gerrit review 12345,6 --message 'Bypassing Zuul to merge this.'
--code-review 2 --verified 2 --label Workflow=1 --submit"
ssh -p 29418 myname.admin@review.opendev.org \
"gerrit set-members 'Project Bootstrappers' --remove myname.admin"
Note that it's possible to temporarily add your normal OpenID-associated
WebUI account to the ``Administrators`` group or other groups with similar
superuser permissions like ``Project Bootstrappers``, but keep in mind that
an attacker who has quietly gained control of your account at the OpenID
provider could be waiting for that opportunity to take advantage of the
added permissions, or you may simply forget to remove the account afterward
negating the added safety of this account separation.
For more examples, see the detailed documentation for Gerrit's SSH CLI,
available on our server:
https://review.opendev.org/Documentation/cmd-index.html
GitHub Access
=============