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Merge "Adds Block Storage v2 API specification information"

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.gitignore vendored
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*.swo *.swo
*.pyc *.pyc
.testrepository .testrepository
.DS_Store

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doc/source/index.rst
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specs/juno/* specs/juno/*
=============
Volume V2 API
=============
.. toctree::
:glob:
:maxdepth: 1
specs/api/v2/*
================== ==================
Indices and tables Indices and tables
================== ==================

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specs/api/v2/additional_resources.rst Normal file
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====================
Additional resources
====================
You can download the latest API-related documents from
`docs.openstack.org/api/ <http://docs.openstack.org/api/>`__.
This API uses standard HTTP 1.1 response codes as documented at:
`www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html>`__.

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specs/api/v2/block_storage_general_api_info.rst Normal file
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========================================
General Block Storage v2 API information
========================================
OpenStack Block Storage provides volume management with the OpenStack
Compute service.
This document describes the features available with the Block Storage
API v2.
We welcome feedback, comments and bug reports at
`bugs.launchpad.net/Cinder <http://bugs.launchpad.net/cinder>`__.
Intended audience
-----------------
This spec assumes the reader has a general understanding of storage and is familiar with these concepts:
- ReSTful web services
- HTTP/1.1 conventions
- JSON and/or XML data serialization formats
The Block Storage API is implemented using a ReSTful web service
interface. Like other OpenStack projects, Block Storage shares a common
token-based authentication system that allows access between products
and services.
Note
~~~~
All requests to authenticate against and operate the service are
performed using SSL over HTTP (HTTPS) on TCP port 443.
Authentication
--------------
You can use `cURL <http://curl.haxx.se/>`__ to try the authentication
process in two steps: get a token, and send the token to a service.
#. Get an authentication token by providing your user name and either
your API key or your password. Here are examples of both approaches:
*You can request a token by providing your user name and your
password.*
.. code::
$ curl -X POST https://localhost:5000/v2.0/tokens -d '{"auth":{"passwordCredentials":{"username": "joecool", "password":"coolword"}, "tenantId":"5"}}' -H 'Content-type: application/json'
Successful authentication returns a token which you can use as
evidence that your identity has already been authenticated. To use
the token, pass it to other services as an ``X-Auth-Token`` header.
Authentication also returns a service catalog, listing the endpoints
you can use for Cloud services.
#. Use the authentication token to send a GET to a service you would
like to use.
Authentication tokens are typically valid for 24 hours. Applications
should be designed to re-authenticate after receiving a 401
(Unauthorized) response from a service endpoint.
Important
~~~~~~~~~
If you programmatically parse an authentication response, be aware that
service names are stable for the life of the particular service and can
be used as keys. You should also be aware that a user's service catalog
can include multiple uniquely-named services that perform similar
functions.

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=============================
Block Storage API v2 Overview
=============================
OpenStack Block Storage is a block-level storage solution that enables
you to:
- Mount drives to OpenStack Cloud Servers™ to scale storage without
paying for more compute resources.
- Use high performance storage to serve database or I/O-intensive
applications.
You interact with Block Storage programmatically through the Block
Storage API as described in this guide.
Note
~~~~
- OpenStack Block Storage is an add-on feature to OpenStack Nova
Compute in Folsom versions and earlier.
- Block Storage is multi-tenant rather than dedicated.
- Block Storage allows you to create snapshots that you can save, list,
and restore.
- Block Storage allows you to create backups of your volumes to Object
Storage for archival and disaster recovery purposes. These backups
can be subsequently restored to the same volume or new volumes.
Concepts
--------
To use the Block Storage API effectively, you must understand several
key concepts:
- **Volume**
A detachable block storage device. You can think of it as a USB hard
drive. It can only be attached to one instance at a time.
- **Volume type**
A type of a block storage volume. You can define whatever types work
best for you, such as SATA, SCSCI, SSD, etc. These can be customized
or defined by the OpenStack admin.
You can also define extra\_specs associated with your volume types.
For instance, you could have a VolumeType=SATA, with extra\_specs
(RPM=10000, RAID-Level=5) . Extra\_specs are defined and customized
by the admin.
- **Snapshot**
A point in time copy of the data contained in a volume.
- **Instance**
A virtual machine (VM) that runs inside the cloud.
- **Backup**
A full copy of a volume stored in an external service. The service
can be configured. The only supported service for now is Object
Storage. A backup can subsequently be restored from the external
service to either the same volume that the backup was originally
taken from, or to a new volume.

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====================
Date and time format
====================
Block Storage uses an ISO-8601 compliant date format for the display and
consumption of date time values.
**Example 2.3. DB service date and time format**
.. code::
yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSZ
May 19th, 2011 at 8:07:08 AM, GMT-5 has the following format:
.. code::
2011-05-19T08:07:08-05:00
|
The following table describes the date time format codes:
**Table 2.4. Date time format codes**
==== ===========
Code Description
==== ===========
yyyy Four digit year
MM Two digit month
dd Two digit day of month
T Separator for date time
HH Two digit hour of day (00-23)
mm Two digit minutes of hour
ss Two digit seconds of the minute
SSS Three digit milliseconds of the second
Z RFC-822 timezone

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======
Faults
======
When an error occurs, Block Storage returns a fault object containing an
HTTP error response code that denotes the type of error. The response
body returns additional information about the fault.
The following table lists possible fault types with their associated
error codes and descriptions.
Fault type Associated error code Description
``badRequest`` 400 The user request contains one or more errors.
``unauthorized`` 401 The supplied token is not authorized to access the resources, either it's expired or invalid.
``forbidden`` 403 Access to the requested resource was denied.
``itemNotFound`` 404 The back-end services did not find anything matching the Request-URI.
``badMethod`` 405 The request method is not allowed for this resource.
``overLimit`` 413 Either the number of entities in the request is larger than allowed limits, or the user has exceeded allowable request rate limits. See the ``details`` element for more specifics. Contact your cloud provider if you think you need higher request rate limits.
``badMediaType`` 415 The requested content type is not supported by this service.
``unprocessableEntity`` 422 The requested resource could not be processed on at the moment.
``instanceFault`` 500 This is a generic server error and the message contains the reason for the error. This error could wrap several error messages and is a catch all.
``notImplemented`` 501 The requested method or resource is not implemented.
``serviceUnavailable`` 503 Block Storage is not available.
The following two ``instanceFault`` examples show errors when the server
has erred or cannot perform the requested operation:
**Example 2.4. Example instanceFault response: XML**
.. code::
HTTP/1.1 500 Internal Server Error
Content-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 121
Date: Mon, 28 Nov 2011 18:19:37 GMT
.. code::
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<instanceFault code="500"
xmlns="http://docs.openstack.org/openstack-block-storage/2.0/content">
<message> The server has either erred or is incapable of
performing the requested operation. </message>
</instanceFault>
|
**Example 2.5. Example fault response: JSON**
.. code::
HTTP/1.1 500 Internal Server Error
Content-Length: 120
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
Date: Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:33:48 GMT
.. code::
{
"instanceFault":{
"code":500,
"message":"The server has either erred or is incapable of performing the requested operation."
}
}
|
The error code (``code``) is returned in the body of the response for
convenience. The ``message`` element returns a human-readable message
that is appropriate for display to the end user. The ``details`` element
is optional and may contain information that is useful for tracking down
an error, such as a stack trace. The ``details`` element may or may not
be appropriate for display to an end user, depending on the role and
experience of the end user.
The fault's root element (for example, ``instanceFault``) may change
depending on the type of error.
The following two ``badRequest`` examples show errors when the volume
size is invalid:
**Example 2.6. Example badRequest fault on volume size errors: XML**
.. code::
HTTP/1.1 400 None
Content-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 121
Date: Mon, 28 Nov 2011 18:19:37 GMT
.. code::
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<badRequest code="400"
xmlns="http://docs.openstack.org/openstack-block-storage/2.0/content">
<message> Volume 'size' needs to be a positive integer value, -1.0
cannot be accepted. </message>
</badRequest>
|
**Example 2.7. Example badRequest fault on volume size errors: JSON**
.. code::
HTTP/1.1 400 None
Content-Length: 120
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
Date: Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:33:48 GMT
.. code::
{
"badRequest":{
"code":400,
"message":"Volume 'size' needs to be a positive integer value, -1.0 cannot be accepted."
}
}
|
The next two examples show ``itemNotFound`` errors:
**Example 2.8. Example itemNotFound fault: XML**
.. code::
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Content-Length: 147
Content-Type: application/xml; charset=UTF-8
Date: Mon, 28 Nov 2011 19:50:15 GMT
.. code::
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemNotFound code="404"
xmlns="http://docs.openstack.org/api/openstack-block-storage/2.0/content">
<message> The resource could not be found. </message>
</itemNotFound>
|
**Example 2.9. Example itemNotFound fault: JSON**
.. code::
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Content-Length: 78
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
Date: Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:35:24 GMT
.. code::
{
"itemNotFound":{
"code":404,
"message":"The resource could not be found."
}
}
|

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====================
High-level task flow
====================
**Procedure 1.1. To create and attach a volume**
#. You create a volume.
For example, you might create a 30 GB volume called ``vol1``, as
follows:
.. code::
$ cinder create --display-name vol1 30
The command returns the ``521752a6-acf6-4b2d-bc7a-119f9148cd8c``
volume ID.
#. You attach that volume to a virtual machine (VM) with the
``616fb98f-46ca-475e-917e-2563e5a8cd19`` ID, as follows:
For example:
.. code::
$ nova volume-attach 616fb98f-46ca-475e-917e-2563e5a8cd19 521752a6-acf6-4b2d-bc7a-119f9148cd8c /dev/vdb

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==========================
HTTP response status codes
==========================
When an error occurs, Block Storage returns an HTTP error response code
that denotes the type of error. Some errors returns a response body,
which returns additional information about the error.
The following table describes the possible status codes:
======== =========== ==============
Response Status code Response body?
======== =========== ==============
Generic 200 Yes
Entity created. 201 Yes
Successful response without body. 204 No

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======
Limits
======
All accounts, by default, have a preconfigured set of thresholds (or
limits) to manage capacity and prevent abuse of the system. The system
recognizes two kinds of limits: *rate limits* and *absolute limits*.
Rate limits are thresholds that are reset after a certain amount of time
passes. Absolute limits are fixed.
Rate limits
~~~~~~~~~~~
Rate limits are specified in terms of both a human-readable wild-card
URI and a machine-processable regular expression. The regular expression
boundary matcher '^' takes effect after the root URI path. For example,
the regular expression ^/v1.0/instances would match the bolded portion
of the following URI:
https://dfw.blockstorage.api.openstackcloud.com\ **/v1.0/instances**.
The following table specifies the default rate limits for all API
operations for all **GET**, **POST**, **PUT**, and **DELETE** calls for
volumes:
**Table 2.2. Default rate limits**
Verb
URI
RegEx
Default
**GET** changes-since
\*/instances/\*
^/v\\d+\\.\\d+/\\d+/instances.\*
3/minute
**POST**
\*/instances/\*
^/v\\d+\\.\\d+/\\d+/instances.\*
10/minute
**POST** instances
\*/instances/\*
^/v\\d+\\.\\d+/\\d+/instances.\*
50/day
**PUT**
\*/instances/\*
^/v\\d+\\.\\d+/\\d+/instances.\*
10/minute
**DELETE**
\*/instances/\*
^/v\\d+\\.\\d+/\\d+/instances.\*
100/minute
|
Rate limits are applied in order relative to the verb, going from least
to most specific. For example, although the threshold for **POST** to
/v1.0/\* is 10 per minute, one cannot **POST** to /v1.0/\* more than 50
times within a single day.
If you exceed the thresholds established for your account, a 413 (Rate
Control) HTTP response will be returned with a ``Retry-After`` header to
notify the client when it can attempt to try again.
Absolute limits
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The following table shows the absolute limits:
**Table 2.3. Absolute limits**
Name
Description
Limit
Block Storage
Maximum amount of block storage
1 TB
|

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==========================
Request and response types
==========================
The Block Storage API supports both the JSON and XML data serialization
formats. The request format is specified using the ``Content-Type``
header and is required for calls that have a request body. The response
format can be specified in requests either by using the ``Accept``
header or by adding an ``.xml`` or ``.json`` extension to the request
URI. Note that it is possible for a response to be serialized using a
format different from the request. If no response format is specified,
JSON is the default. If conflicting formats are specified using both an
``Accept`` header and a query extension, the query extension takes
precedence.
Some operations support an Atom representation that can be used to
efficiently determine when the state of services has changed.
**Table 2.1. Response formats**
====== ============= =============== =======
Format Accept Header Query Extension Default
====== ============= =============== =======
JSON application/json .json Yes
XML application/xml .xml No
In the request example below, notice that *``Content-Type``* is set to
*``application/json``*, but *``application/xml``* is requested via the
*``Accept``* header:
**Example 2.1. Request with headers: Get volume types**
.. code::
GET /v2/441446/types HTTP/1.1
Host: dfw.blockstorage.api.openstackcloud.com
X-Auth-Token: eaaafd18-0fed-4b3a-81b4-663c99ec1cbb
Accept: application/xml
|
An XML response format is returned:
**Example 2.2. Response with headers**
.. code::
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Fri, 20 Jul 2012 20:32:13 GMT
Content-Length: 187
Content-Type: application/xml
X-Compute-Request-Id: req-8e0295cd-a283-46e4-96da-cae05cbfd1c7
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-7'?>
<volume_types>
<volume_type id="1" name="SATA">
<extra_specs/>
</volume_type>
<volume_type id="2" name="SSD">
<extra_specs/>
</volume_type>
</volume_types>
|

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tests/test_titles.py
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@ -89,10 +89,11 @@ class TestTitles(testtools.TestCase):
(len(matches), tpl)) (len(matches), tpl))
def test_template(self): def test_template(self):
files = ['specs/template.rst'] + glob.glob('specs/*/*') release = ['juno', 'kilo']
files = ['specs/template.rst'] + glob.glob("specs/%s/*/*" % release)
for filename in files: for filename in files:
self.assertTrue(filename.endswith(".rst"), self.assertTrue(filename.endswith(".rst"),
"spec's file must uses 'rst' extension.") "spec's file must use 'rst' extension.")
with open(filename) as f: with open(filename) as f:
data = f.read() data = f.read()