DevStack is a set of scripts and utilities to quickly deploy an OpenStack cloud. # Goals * To quickly build dev OpenStack environments in a clean Ubuntu or Fedora environment * To describe working configurations of OpenStack (which code branches work together? what do config files look like for those branches?) * To make it easier for developers to dive into OpenStack so that they can productively contribute without having to understand every part of the system at once * To make it easy to prototype cross-project features * To provide an environment for the OpenStack CI testing on every commit to the projects Read more at http://devstack.org. IMPORTANT: Be sure to carefully read `stack.sh` and any other scripts you execute before you run them, as they install software and will alter your networking configuration. We strongly recommend that you run `stack.sh` in a clean and disposable vm when you are first getting started. # Versions The DevStack master branch generally points to trunk versions of OpenStack components. For older, stable versions, look for branches named stable/[release] in the DevStack repo. For example, you can do the following to create a grizzly OpenStack cloud: git checkout stable/grizzly ./stack.sh You can also pick specific OpenStack project releases by setting the appropriate `*_BRANCH` variables in the ``localrc`` section of `local.conf` (look in `stackrc` for the default set). Usually just before a release there will be milestone-proposed branches that need to be tested:: GLANCE_REPO=git://git.openstack.org/openstack/glance.git GLANCE_BRANCH=milestone-proposed # Start A Dev Cloud Installing in a dedicated disposable VM is safer than installing on your dev machine! Plus you can pick one of the supported Linux distros for your VM. To start a dev cloud run the following NOT AS ROOT (see **DevStack Execution Environment** below for more on user accounts): ./stack.sh When the script finishes executing, you should be able to access OpenStack endpoints, like so: * Horizon: http://myhost/ * Keystone: http://myhost:5000/v2.0/ We also provide an environment file that you can use to interact with your cloud via CLI: # source openrc file to load your environment with OpenStack CLI creds . openrc # list instances nova list If the EC2 API is your cup-o-tea, you can create credentials and use euca2ools: # source eucarc to generate EC2 credentials and set up the environment . eucarc # list instances using ec2 api euca-describe-instances # DevStack Execution Environment DevStack runs rampant over the system it runs on, installing things and uninstalling other things. Running this on a system you care about is a recipe for disappointment, or worse. Alas, we're all in the virtualization business here, so run it in a VM. And take advantage of the snapshot capabilities of your hypervisor of choice to reduce testing cycle times. You might even save enough time to write one more feature before the next feature freeze... ``stack.sh`` needs to have root access for a lot of tasks, but uses ``sudo`` for all of those tasks. However, it needs to be not-root for most of its work and for all of the OpenStack services. ``stack.sh`` specifically does not run if started as root. This is a recent change (Oct 2013) from the previous behaviour of automatically creating a ``stack`` user. Automatically creating user accounts is not the right response to running as root, so that bit is now an explicit step using ``tools/create-stack-user.sh``. Run that (as root!) or just check it out to see what DevStack's expectations are for the account it runs under. Many people simply use their usual login (the default 'ubuntu' login on a UEC image for example). # Customizing You can override environment variables used in `stack.sh` by creating file name `local.conf` with a ``localrc`` section as shown below. It is likely that you will need to do this to tweak your networking configuration should you need to access your cloud from a different host. [[local|localrc]] VARIABLE=value See the **Local Configuration** section below for more details. # Database Backend Multiple database backends are available. The available databases are defined in the lib/databases directory. `mysql` is the default database, choose a different one by putting the following in the `localrc` section: disable_service mysql enable_service postgresql `mysql` is the default database. # RPC Backend Multiple RPC backends are available. Currently, this includes RabbitMQ (default), Qpid, and ZeroMQ. Your backend of choice may be selected via the `localrc` section. Note that selecting more than one RPC backend will result in a failure. Example (ZeroMQ): ENABLED_SERVICES="$ENABLED_SERVICES,-rabbit,-qpid,zeromq" Example (Qpid): ENABLED_SERVICES="$ENABLED_SERVICES,-rabbit,-zeromq,qpid" # Apache Frontend Apache web server is enabled for wsgi services by setting `APACHE_ENABLED_SERVICES` in your ``localrc`` section. Remember to enable these services at first as above. APACHE_ENABLED_SERVICES+=keystone,swift # Swift Swift is disabled by default. When enabled, it is configured with only one replica to avoid being IO/memory intensive on a small vm. When running with only one replica the account, container and object services will run directly in screen. The others services like replicator, updaters or auditor runs in background. If you would like to enable Swift you can add this to your `localrc` section: enable_service s-proxy s-object s-container s-account If you want a minimal Swift install with only Swift and Keystone you can have this instead in your `localrc` section: disable_all_services enable_service key mysql s-proxy s-object s-container s-account If you only want to do some testing of a real normal swift cluster with multiple replicas you can do so by customizing the variable `SWIFT_REPLICAS` in your `localrc` section (usually to 3). # Swift S3 If you are enabling `swift3` in `ENABLED_SERVICES` DevStack will install the swift3 middleware emulation. Swift will be configured to act as a S3 endpoint for Keystone so effectively replacing the `nova-objectstore`. Only Swift proxy server is launched in the screen session all other services are started in background and managed by `swift-init` tool. # Neutron Basic Setup In order to enable Neutron a single node setup, you'll need the following settings in your `local.conf`: disable_service n-net enable_service q-svc enable_service q-agt enable_service q-dhcp enable_service q-l3 enable_service q-meta enable_service q-metering # Optional, to enable tempest configuration as part of DevStack enable_service tempest Then run `stack.sh` as normal. DevStack supports setting specific Neutron configuration flags to the service, Open vSwitch plugin and LinuxBridge plugin configuration files. To make use of this feature, the settings can be added to ``local.conf``. The old ``Q_XXX_EXTRA_XXX_OPTS`` variables are deprecated and will be removed in the near future. The ``local.conf`` headers for the replacements are: * ``Q_SRV_EXTRA_OPTS``: [[post-config|/$Q_PLUGIN_CONF_FILE]] [linuxbridge] # or [ovs] * ``Q_AGENT_EXTRA_AGENT_OPTS``: [[post-config|/$Q_PLUGIN_CONF_FILE]] [agent] * ``Q_AGENT_EXTRA_SRV_OPTS``: [[post-config|/$Q_PLUGIN_CONF_FILE]] [linuxbridge] # or [ovs] * ``Q_SRV_EXTRA_DEFAULT_OPTS``: [[post-config|$NEUTRON_CONF]] [DEFAULT] Example extra config in `local.conf`: [[post-config|/$Q_PLUGIN_CONF_FILE]] [agent] tunnel_type=vxlan vxlan_udp_port=8472 [[post-config|$NEUTRON_CONF]] [DEFAULT] tenant_network_type=vxlan DevStack also supports configuring the Neutron ML2 plugin. The ML2 plugin can run with the OVS, LinuxBridge, or Hyper-V agents on compute hosts. This is a simple way to configure the ml2 plugin: # VLAN configuration Q_PLUGIN=ml2 ENABLE_TENANT_VLANS=True # GRE tunnel configuration Q_PLUGIN=ml2 ENABLE_TENANT_TUNNELS=True # VXLAN tunnel configuration Q_PLUGIN=ml2 Q_ML2_TENANT_NETWORK_TYPE=vxlan The above will default in DevStack to using the OVS on each compute host. To change this, set the `Q_AGENT` variable to the agent you want to run (e.g. linuxbridge). Variable Name Notes ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Q_AGENT This specifies which agent to run with the ML2 Plugin (either `openvswitch` or `linuxbridge`). Q_ML2_PLUGIN_MECHANISM_DRIVERS The ML2 MechanismDrivers to load. The default is none. Note, ML2 will work with the OVS and LinuxBridge agents by default. Q_ML2_PLUGIN_TYPE_DRIVERS The ML2 TypeDrivers to load. Defaults to all available TypeDrivers. Q_ML2_PLUGIN_GRE_TYPE_OPTIONS GRE TypeDriver options. Defaults to none. Q_ML2_PLUGIN_VXLAN_TYPE_OPTIONS VXLAN TypeDriver options. Defaults to none. Q_ML2_PLUGIN_VLAN_TYPE_OPTIONS VLAN TypeDriver options. Defaults to none. # Heat Heat is disabled by default. To enable it you'll need the following settings in your `localrc` section: enable_service heat h-api h-api-cfn h-api-cw h-eng Heat can also run in standalone mode, and be configured to orchestrate on an external OpenStack cloud. To launch only Heat in standalone mode you'll need the following settings in your `localrc` section: disable_all_services enable_service rabbit mysql heat h-api h-api-cfn h-api-cw h-eng HEAT_STANDALONE=True KEYSTONE_SERVICE_HOST=... KEYSTONE_AUTH_HOST=... # Tempest If tempest has been successfully configured, a basic set of smoke tests can be run as follows: $ cd /opt/stack/tempest $ nosetests tempest/scenario/test_network_basic_ops.py # DevStack on Xenserver If you would like to use Xenserver as the hypervisor, please refer to the instructions in `./tools/xen/README.md`. # DevStack on Docker If you would like to use Docker as the hypervisor, please refer to the instructions in `./tools/docker/README.md`. # Additional Projects DevStack has a hook mechanism to call out to a dispatch script at specific points in the execution of `stack.sh`, `unstack.sh` and `clean.sh`. This allows upper-layer projects, especially those that the lower layer projects have no dependency on, to be added to DevStack without modifying the core scripts. Tempest is built this way as an example of how to structure the dispatch script, see `extras.d/80-tempest.sh`. See `extras.d/README.md` for more information. # Multi-Node Setup A more interesting setup involves running multiple compute nodes, with Neutron networks connecting VMs on different compute nodes. You should run at least one "controller node", which should have a `stackrc` that includes at least: disable_service n-net enable_service q-svc enable_service q-agt enable_service q-dhcp enable_service q-l3 enable_service q-meta enable_service neutron You likely want to change your `localrc` section to run a scheduler that will balance VMs across hosts: SCHEDULER=nova.scheduler.simple.SimpleScheduler You can then run many compute nodes, each of which should have a `stackrc` which includes the following, with the IP address of the above controller node: ENABLED_SERVICES=n-cpu,rabbit,g-api,neutron,q-agt SERVICE_HOST=[IP of controller node] MYSQL_HOST=$SERVICE_HOST RABBIT_HOST=$SERVICE_HOST Q_HOST=$SERVICE_HOST MATCHMAKER_REDIS_HOST=$SERVICE_HOST # Cells Cells is a new scaling option with a full spec at http://wiki.openstack.org/blueprint-nova-compute-cells. To setup a cells environment add the following to your `localrc` section: enable_service n-cell Be aware that there are some features currently missing in cells, one notable one being security groups. The exercises have been patched to disable functionality not supported by cells. # Local Configuration Historically DevStack has used ``localrc`` to contain all local configuration and customizations. More and more of the configuration variables available for DevStack are passed-through to the individual project configuration files. The old mechanism for this required specific code for each file and did not scale well. This is handled now by a master local configuration file. # local.conf The new config file ``local.conf`` is an extended-INI format that introduces a new meta-section header that provides some additional information such as a phase name and destination config filename: [[ | ]] where ```` is one of a set of phase names defined by ``stack.sh`` and ```` is the configuration filename. The filename is eval'ed in the ``stack.sh`` context so all environment variables are available and may be used. Using the project config file variables in the header is strongly suggested (see the ``NOVA_CONF`` example below). If the path of the config file does not exist it is skipped. The defined phases are: * **local** - extracts ``localrc`` from ``local.conf`` before ``stackrc`` is sourced * **post-config** - runs after the layer 2 services are configured and before they are started * **extra** - runs after services are started and before any files in ``extra.d`` are executed * **post-extra** - runs after files in ``extra.d`` are executed The file is processed strictly in sequence; meta-sections may be specified more than once but if any settings are duplicated the last to appear in the file will be used. [[post-config|$NOVA_CONF]] [DEFAULT] use_syslog = True [osapi_v3] enabled = False A specific meta-section ``local|localrc`` is used to provide a default ``localrc`` file (actually ``.localrc.auto``). This allows all custom settings for DevStack to be contained in a single file. If ``localrc`` exists it will be used instead to preserve backward-compatibility. [[local|localrc]] FIXED_RANGE=10.254.1.0/24 ADMIN_PASSWORD=speciale LOGFILE=$DEST/logs/stack.sh.log Note that ``Q_PLUGIN_CONF_FILE`` is unique in that it is assumed to *NOT* start with a ``/`` (slash) character. A slash will need to be added: [[post-config|/$Q_PLUGIN_CONF_FILE]]