313 lines
9.9 KiB
ReStructuredText
313 lines
9.9 KiB
ReStructuredText
===============
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Command Options
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===============
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OpenStackClient commands all have a set of zero or more options unique to
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the command, however there are of course ways in which these options are
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common and consistent across all of the commands that include them.
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These are the set of guidelines for OSC developers that help keep the
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interface and commands consistent.
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In some cases (like the boolean variables below) we use the same pattern
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for defining and using options in all situations. The alternative of only
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using it when necessary leads to errors when copy-n-paste is used for a
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new command without understanding why or why not that instance is correct.
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The :ref:`hig` describes the guidelines for option names and usage.
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In short:
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* All option names shall be GNU-style long names (two leading dashes).
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* Some global options may have short names, generally limited to those defined
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in support libraries such as `cliff <https://docs.openstack.org/cliff/latest>`__.
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General Command Options
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=======================
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Boolean Options
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---------------
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Boolean options for any command that sets a resource state, such as 'enabled'
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or 'public', shall always have both positive and negative options defined.
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The names of those options shall either be a naturally occurring pair of
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words (in English) or a positive option and a negative option with `no-`
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prepended (such as in the traditional GNU option usage) like `--share` and
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`--no-share`.
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In order to handle those APIs that behave differently when a field is set to
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`None` and when the field is not present in a passed argument list or dict,
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each of the boolean options shall set its own variable to `True` as part of
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a mutually exclusive group, rather than the more common configuration of
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setting a single destination variable `True` or `False` directly. This allows
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us to detect the situation when neither option is present (both variables will
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be `False`) and act accordingly for those APIs where this matters.
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This also requires that each of the boolean values be tested in the
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`take_action()` method to correctly set (or not) the underlying API field
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values.
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.. option:: --enable
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Enable <resource> (default)
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.. option:: --disable
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Disable <resource>
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Implementation
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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The parser declaration should look like this:
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.. code-block:: python
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enable_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
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enable_group.add_argument(
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'--enable',
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action='store_true',
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help=_('Enable <resource> (default)'),
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)
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enable_group.add_argument(
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'--disable',
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action='store_true',
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help=_('Disable <resource>'),
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)
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An example handler in `take_action()`:
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.. code-block:: python
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# This leaves 'enabled' undefined if neither option is present
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if parsed_args.enable:
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kwargs['enabled'] = True
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if parsed_args.disable:
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kwargs['enabled'] = False
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Options with Choices
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--------------------
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Some options have a specific set of values (or choices) that are valid.
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These choices may be validated by the CLI. If the underlying API is stable
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and the list of choices are unlikely to change then the CLI may validate
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the choices. Otherwise, the CLI must defer validation of the choices to
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the API. If the option has a default choice then it must be documented.
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Having the CLI validate choices will be faster and may provide a better
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error message for the user if an invalid choice is specified
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(for example: ``argument --test: invalid choice: 'choice4' (choose from 'choice1', 'choice2', 'choice3')``).
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The trade-off is that CLI changes are required in order to take advantage
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of new choices.
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Implementation
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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An example parser declaration:
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.. code-block:: python
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choice_option.add_argument(
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'--test',
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metavar='<test>',
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choices=['choice1', 'choice2', 'choice3'],
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help=_('Test type (choice1, choice2 or choice3)'),
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)
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Options with Multiple Values
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----------------------------
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Some options can be repeated to build a collection of values for a property.
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Adding a value to the collection must be provided via the ``set`` action.
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Removing a value from the collection must be provided via an ``unset`` action.
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As a convenience, removing all values from the collection may be provided via a
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``--no`` option on the ``set`` action and a ``--all`` option on ``unset``
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action. If both ``--no`` option and option are specified, the values specified
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on the command would overwrite the collection property instead of appending on
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the ``set`` action. The ``--all`` option must be part of a mutually exclusive
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group with the related property option on the ``unset`` action, overwrite case
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don't exist in ``unset`` action.
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An example behavior for ``set`` action:
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Append:
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.. code-block:: bash
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object set --example-property xxx
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Overwrite:
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.. code-block:: bash
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object set --no-example-property --example-property xxx
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The example below assumes a property that contains a list of unique values.
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However, this example can also be applied to other collections using the
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appropriate parser action and action implementation (e.g. a dict of key/value
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pairs). Implementations will vary depending on how the REST API handles
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adding/removing values to/from the collection and whether or not duplicate
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values are allowed.
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Implementation
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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An example parser declaration for `set` action:
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.. code-block:: python
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parser.add_argument(
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'--no-example-property',
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dest='no_example_property',
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action='store_true',
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help=_('Remove all example properties for this <resource> '
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'(specify both --no-example-property and --example-property'
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' to remove the current properties before setting'
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' new properties.)'),
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)
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parser.add_argument(
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'--example-property',
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metavar='<example-property>',
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dest='example_property',
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action='append',
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help=_('Example property for this <resource> '
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'(repeat option to set multiple properties)'),
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)
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Please make `--no-example-property` be shown in front of `--example-property`
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in the help, like above, that help make users aware of the processing order.
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An example handler in `take_action()` for `set` action:
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.. code-block:: python
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if parsed_args.no_example_property and parsed_args.example_property:
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kwargs['example_property'] = parsed_args.example_property
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elif parsed_args.no_example_property:
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kwargs['example_property'] = []
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elif parsed_args.example_property:
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kwargs['example_property'] = \
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resource_example_property + parsed_args.example_property
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An example parser declaration for `unset` action:
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.. code-block:: python
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example_property_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
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example_property_group.add_argument(
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'--example-property',
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metavar='<example-property>',
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dest='example_property',
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action='append',
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help=_('Example property for this <resource> '
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'(repeat option to remove multiple properties)'),
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)
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example_property_group.add_argument(
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'--all-example-property',
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dest='all_example_property',
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action='store_true',
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help=_('Remove all example properties for this <resource>'),
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)
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An example handler in `take_action()` for `unset` action:
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.. code-block:: python
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if parsed_args.example_property:
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kwargs['example_property'] = \
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list(set(resource_example_property) - \
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set(parsed_args.example_property))
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if parsed_args.all_example_property:
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kwargs['example_property'] = []
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Required Options
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----------------
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Some options have no default value and the API does not allow them to be
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`None`, then these options are always required when users use the command
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to which these options belong.
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Required options must be validated by the CLI to avoid omissions. The CLI
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validation may provide an error message for the user if a required option
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is not specified.
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(for example: ``error: argument --test is required``)
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.. option:: --test
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Test option (required)
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Implementation
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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The parser declaration should look like this:
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.. code-block:: python
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parser.add_argument(
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'--test',
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metavar='<test>',
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required=True,
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help=_('Test option (required)'),
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)
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List Command Options
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====================
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Additional Fields
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-----------------
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Most list commands only return a subset of the available fields by default.
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Additional fields are available with the `--long` option. All list
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commands should allow `--long` even if they return all fields by default.
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.. option:: --long
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List additional fields in output
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Implementation
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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The parser declaration should look like this:
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.. code-block:: python
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parser.add_argument(
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'--long',
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action='store_true',
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default=False,
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help='List additional fields in output',
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)
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Pagination
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----------
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There are many ways to do pagination, some OpenStack APIs support it, some
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don't. OpenStackClient attempts to define a single common way to specify
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pagination on the command line.
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.. option:: --marker <resource>
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Anchor for paging (name or ID)
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.. option:: --limit <num-resources>
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Limit number of <resource> returned (*integer*)
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Implementation
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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The parser declaration should look like this:
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.. code-block:: python
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parser.add_argument(
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"--marker",
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metavar="<resource>",
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help="Anchor for paging (name or ID)",
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)
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parser.add_argument(
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"--limit",
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metavar="<num-resources>",
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type=int,
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help="Limit the number of <resource> returned",
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)
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