0b2b7c99ae
ansible-hardening defaults to using chrony rather than ntp. Installing ntp in the target host preparation step results in it being uninstalled later by ansible-hardning in favor of chrony. Change-Id: I04165292b8f013f0948f154041bd90b0fccb5c5f
237 lines
6.8 KiB
ReStructuredText
237 lines
6.8 KiB
ReStructuredText
Configuring the operating system
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================================
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This section describes the installation and configuration of operating
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systems for the target hosts, as well as deploying SSH keys and
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configuring storage.
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Installing the operating system
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Install one of the following supported operating systems on the
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target host:
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* Ubuntu server 16.04 (Xenial Xerus) LTS 64-bit
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* Ubuntu server 18.04 (Bionic Beaver) LTS 64-bit
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* Centos 7 64-bit
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* openSUSE 42.X 64-bit
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Configure at least one network interface to access the Internet or
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suitable local repositories.
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We recommend adding the Secure Shell (SSH) server packages to the
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installation on target hosts that do not have local (console) access.
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.. note::
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We also recommend setting your locale to `en_US.UTF-8`. Other locales might
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work, but they are not tested or supported.
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Configure Ubuntu
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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#. Update package source lists
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.. code-block:: shell-session
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# apt-get update
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#. Upgrade the system packages and kernel:
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.. code-block:: shell-session
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# apt-get dist-upgrade
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#. Reboot the host.
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#. Ensure that the kernel version is ``3.13.0-34-generic`` or later:
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.. code-block:: shell-session
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# uname -r
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#. Install additional software packages:
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.. code-block:: shell-session
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# apt-get install bridge-utils debootstrap ifenslave ifenslave-2.6 \
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lsof lvm2 chrony openssh-server sudo tcpdump vlan python
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#. Install the kernel extra package if you have one for your kernel version \
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.. code-block:: shell-session
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# apt install linux-image-extra-$(uname -r)
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#. Add the appropriate kernel modules to the ``/etc/modules`` file to
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enable VLAN and bond interfaces:
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.. code-block:: shell-session
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# echo 'bonding' >> /etc/modules
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# echo '8021q' >> /etc/modules
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#. Configure Network Time Protocol (NTP) in ``/etc/chrony/chrony.conf`` to
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synchronize with a suitable time source and restart the service:
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.. code-block:: shell-session
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# service chrony restart
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#. Reboot the host to activate the changes and use the new kernel.
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Configure CentOS
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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#. Upgrade the system packages and kernel:
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.. code-block:: shell-session
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# yum upgrade
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#. Reboot the host.
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#. Ensure that the kernel version is ``3.10`` or later:
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.. code-block:: shell-session
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# uname -r
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#. Install additional software packages:
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.. code-block:: shell-session
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# yum install bridge-utils iputils lsof lvm2 \
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chrony openssh-server sudo tcpdump python
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#. Add the appropriate kernel modules to the ``/etc/modules-load.d`` file to
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enable VLAN and bond interfaces:
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.. code-block:: shell-session
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# echo 'bonding' >> /etc/modules-load.d/openstack-ansible.conf
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# echo '8021q' >> /etc/modules-load.d/openstack-ansible.conf
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#. Configure Network Time Protocol (NTP) in ``/etc/chrony.conf`` to
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synchronize with a suitable time source and start the service:
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.. code-block:: shell-session
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# systemctl enable chronyd.service
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# systemctl start chronyd.service
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#. (Optional) Reduce the kernel log level by changing the printk
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value in your sysctls:
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.. code-block:: shell-session
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# echo "kernel.printk='4 1 7 4'" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
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#. Reboot the host to activate the changes and use the new kernel.
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Configure openSUSE
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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#. Upgrade the system packages and kernel:
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.. code-block:: shell-session
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# zypper up
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#. Reboot the host.
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#. Ensure that the kernel version is ``4.4`` or later:
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.. code-block:: shell-session
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# uname -r
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#. Install additional software packages:
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.. code-block:: shell-session
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# zypper install bridge-utils iputils lsof lvm2 \
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chrony opensshr sudo tcpdump python
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#. Add the appropriate kernel modules to the ``/etc/modules-load.d`` file to
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enable VLAN and bond interfaces:
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.. code-block:: shell-session
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# echo 'bonding' >> /etc/modules-load.d/openstack-ansible.conf
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# echo '8021q' >> /etc/modules-load.d/openstack-ansible.conf
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#. Configure Network Time Protocol (NTP) in ``/etc/chrony.conf`` to
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synchronize with a suitable time source and start the service:
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.. code-block:: shell-session
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# systemctl enable chronyd.service
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# systemctl start chronyd.service
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#. Reboot the host to activate the changes and use the new kernel.
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Configure SSH keys
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==================
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Ansible uses SSH to connect the deployment host and target hosts.
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#. Copy the contents of the public key file on the deployment host to
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the ``/root/.ssh/authorized_keys`` file on each target host.
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#. Test public key authentication from the deployment host to each target
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host by using SSH to connect to the target host from the deployment host.
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If you can connect and get the shell without authenticating, it
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is working. SSH provides a shell without asking for a
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password.
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For more information about how to generate an SSH key pair, as well as best
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practices, see `GitHub's documentation about generating SSH keys`_.
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.. _GitHub's documentation about generating SSH keys: https://help.github.com/articles/generating-ssh-keys/
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.. important::
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OpenStack-Ansible deployments require the presence of a
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``/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub`` file on the deployment host.
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The contents of this file is inserted into an
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``authorized_keys`` file for the containers, which is a
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necessary step for the Ansible playbooks. You can
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override this behavior by setting the
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``lxc_container_ssh_key`` variable to the public key for
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the container.
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Configuring the storage
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=======================
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`Logical Volume Manager (LVM)`_ enables a single device to be split into
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multiple logical volumes that appear as a physical storage device to the
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operating system. The Block Storage (cinder) service, and LXC containers
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that optionally run the OpenStack infrastructure,
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can optionally use LVM for their data storage.
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.. note::
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OpenStack-Ansible automatically configures LVM on the nodes, and
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overrides any existing LVM configuration. If you had a customized LVM
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configuration, edit the generated configuration file as needed.
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#. To use the optional Block Storage (cinder) service, create an LVM
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volume group named ``cinder-volumes`` on the storage host. Specify a metadata
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size of 2048 when creating the physical volume. For example:
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.. code-block:: shell-session
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# pvcreate --metadatasize 2048 physical_volume_device_path
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# vgcreate cinder-volumes physical_volume_device_path
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#. Optionally, create an LVM volume group named ``lxc`` for container file
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systems if you want to use LXC with LVM.
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If the ``lxc`` volume group does not exist, containers are
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automatically installed on the file system under ``/var/lib/lxc`` by
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default.
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.. _Logical Volume Manager (LVM): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_Volume_Manager_(Linux)
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