sqlalchemy-migrate/docs/changeset.rst
2008-02-14 21:07:25 +00:00

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=================
migrate.changeset
=================
.. contents::
Importing ``migrate.changeset`` adds some new methods to existing SA objects, as well as creating functions of its own. Most operations can be done either by a method or a function. Methods match SA's existing API and are more intuitive when the object is available; functions allow one to make changes when only the name of an object is available (for example, adding a column to a table in the database without having to load that table into Python).
Changeset operations can be used independently of SQLAlchemy Migrate's `versioning system`_.
For more information, see the generated documentation for `migrate.changeset`_.
.. _`migrate.changeset`: module-migrate.changeset.html
.. _`versioning system`: versioning.html
Column
======
Given a standard SQLAlchemy table::
table = Table('mytable',meta,
Column('id',Integer,primary_key=True),
)
table.create()
Create a column::
col = Column('col1',String)
col.create(table)
# Column is added to table based on its name
assert col is table.c.col1
Drop a column (Not supported by SQLite_)::
col.drop()
Alter a column (Not supported by SQLite_)::
col.alter(name='col2')
# Renaming a column affects how it's accessed by the table object
assert col is table.c.col2
# Other properties can be modified as well
col.alter(type=String(42),
default="life, the universe, and everything",
nullable=False,
)
# Given another column object, col1.alter(col2), col1 will be changed to match col2
col.alter(Column('col3',String(77),nullable=True))
assert col.nullable
assert table.c.col3 is col
.. _sqlite: http://www.sqlite.org/lang_altertable.html
Table
=====
SQLAlchemy supports `table create/drop`_
Rename a table::
table.rename('newtablename')
.. _`table create/drop`: http://www.sqlalchemy.org/docs/metadata.myt#metadata_creating
Index
=====
SQLAlchemy supports `index create/drop`_
Rename an index, given an SQLAlchemy ``Index`` object::
index.rename('newindexname')
.. _`index create/drop`: http://www.sqlalchemy.org/docs/metadata.myt#metadata_indexes
Constraint
==========
SQLAlchemy supports creating/dropping constraints at the same time a table is created/dropped. SQLAlchemy Migrate adds support for creating/dropping primary/foreign key constraints independently.
Primary key constraints::
cons = PrimaryKeyConstraint(col1,col2)
# Create the constraint
cons.create()
# Drop the constraint
cons.drop()
Note that Oracle requires that you state the name of the primary key constraint to be created/dropped. SQLAlchemy Migrate will try to guess the name of the PK constraint for other databases, but if it's something other than the default, you'll need to give its name::
PrimaryKeyConstraint(col1,col2,name='my_pk_constraint')
Foreign key constraints::
cons = ForeignKeyConstraint([table.c.fkey], [othertable.c.id])
# Create the constraint
cons.create()
# Drop the constraint
cons.drop()
Names are specified just as with primary key constraints::
ForeignKeyConstraint([table.c.fkey], [othertable.c.id],name='my_fk_constraint')